Bromus secalinus is a species of Bromus known as rye brome.
The grass is native to Eurasia but is well known in many other parts of the world where it has been introduced. It is a noxious weed throughout much of North America.
Description
Bromus secalinus is an annual grass that grows high. The upper sheaths are smooth and strongly nerved, and the lower sheaths are glabrous or slightly pubescent. The leaf blades are long and wide, and are covered with short hairs. The
panicles are long and wide with spreading or ascending branches. The spreading
inflorescence nods when it becomes heavy with grain though prior to maturity the panicle is erect. The
are on elongated pedicels, with each spikelet bearing five to fifteen flowers. The spikelets are glabrous or scabrous and become lax when mature. The ovoid spikelets measure long. The is obvious in youth and becomes obscured by the expanding
with age. The lower
are three to five-veined and long, and the upper glumes are seven-veined and long. The lemmas become spreading when mature and are strongly inrolled. The lemmas have seven inconspicuous nerves and are long and wide. The awns are straight or curved and are long. The palea is as long or longer than the lemma and its tip slightly projects at maturity. The
are long. The
caryopsis are thick and strongly inrolled when mature.
The grass flowers from June to September.
In youth the two Bromus secalinus and Bromus arvensis are very similar, but are easily distinguishable in maturity. Bromus arvensis has fully pubescent leaves but Bromus secalinus lacks on the undersides of leaves.
Habitat and distribution
Bromus secalinus occurs in fields areas, road verges, and occasionally cornfields, in lightly stony soils.
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The grass is native to Europe but is widespread throughout the United States and in Quebec and British Columbia.[
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Uses
Although not considered very palatable, the grains are edible and starchy, and are suggested to have been used as food in Europe from the late Neolithic to the Iron Age.
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